水平轴风力机优化设计与最大性能估算

An Analytical Approach to Optimum Design and Peak Performance Prediction for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines

水平轴风轮优化设计的现有方法,有的忽略了叶片阻力和有限数目的影响,因而无法估算风轮的最大性能;有的虽然用迭代法考虑了这些影响,但因为需多次迭代过程,因而十分繁琐。本文推导出了水平轴风力机风轮在获得最大风能条件下的速度诱导因子、升阻比与叶尖损失因子之间的关系。由于这些关系式很明确,因而简化了优化设计最大性能的估算,即使考虑叶尖损失效应也很简便。本文对设计优化、设计步骤及一些实例进行了分析,并将本方法所得结果与其它已发表的结果及普遍接受的结果进行比较。

The existing methods for optimum design of horizontal axis wind turbine rotors either neglect the effects of drag and the finite number of blades or follow an iterative method to take these effects into account. The former method fails to predict the peak performance of the wind rotors, while the latter one is cumbersome as it involves a multistage iterative process. A relationship between speed induction factors, drag/lift ratio and tip-loss factor is derived corresponding to the maximum power extraction from horizontal axis wind turbines. Owing to the definite relationship, the optimum design and peak performance prediction method is simplified, even when considering the effects of drag and tip losses. This paper introduces the analysis for design optimization, the design procedure along with the actual cases. Results from the introduced method are compared with those from other published and widely accepted results.