论墨子的“兼爱”精神

On the idea of universal love by Mozi

在墨子所强调的十项思想主张"尚贤"、"尚同"、"兼爱"、"非攻"、"节用"、"节葬"、"非乐"、"非命"、"天志"、"明鬼"中,"兼爱"是最根本、最核心的一项,而其他九项则是"兼爱"的深化与拓展。墨子所倡导的"兼爱"是指关怀每一个人而不论他是否与自己有血缘亲属关系,也就是指一种不分亲疏、不论贵贱、爱人如己、一视同仁的普遍的爱。这是一种与"交利"、"非攻"、"正义"、"自爱"、"天爱"统一的爱。墨子希望通过"我爱人人、人人爱我"的"兼爱"精神来构建爱的秩序,以求达到家庭的和谐、社会的和谐、世界的和谐。

Among the ten propositions stressed by Mozi, i.e. ＂veneration for virtue＂, ＂equal rights for everyone＂, ＂universal love＂, ＂no offensive war＂, ＂profitable politics for everyone＂, ＂austerity in burials＂, ＂no music＂, ＂no destiny＂, ＂will of heaven＂, and ＂obvious existence of ghosts＂, ＂universal love＂ underlines all and the other nine are but the deepening of ＂universal love＂. By universal love, Mozi means loving everyone, no matter whether he or she is related to us by blood or not, whether he or she is noble or not. This is a love equally given for all, and it is in accordance with ＂mutual benefit＂, ＂no offensive war＂, ＂justice＂, ＂self-love＂, and ＂heavenly love＂. Mozi hopes to build a world of order and establish the harmony of family, of society, and of the world by means of universal love.