西方古代“学理财富思想”的现代启示

Modern implications of theoretical wealth thought of the ancient West

与中国古代财富思想相比,西方古代财富思想显著的特性是其"学理性"。这种学理财富思想是形成于理性思维的认识基础、民主理念与宗教文化的思想基础、法制与神权的政治基础上的。西方古代学理财富思想的主要内容有:财富与经济活动的关系是其立论基础;财富属性是其逻辑主线;财富增长是其核心内容。西方古代学理财富思想得以发展并最终成为近代西方经济学说体系的理论源头,而中国古代财富思想却未能发扬光大,这是一个特别需要反思的问题。通过对中西古代社会财富思想特性成因的比较可以得出,西方古代学理财富思想对当代中国社会经济发展中的思维方式的转换、经济政策的完善、财富张力的把握、财富分配的正义性都有积极的借鉴作用。

Compared with the wealth thought of ancient China, the wealth thought in the ancient West is characterized by its theoreticality. The theoretical wealth thought in the ancient West is formed on the cognitive basis of rational thinking, ideological basis of democratic idea and religious culture, and political basis of legality and theocracy. The theoretical wealth thought in the ancient West can be summarized as follows： Firstly, the relation between wealth and economic activity is its theoretical foundation; secondly, wealth attribute is its logical clue; thirdly, wealth growth is its central content. The theoretical wealth thought in the ancient West later develops and becomes the fountainhead of modern western economical theory system, while ancient Chinese wealth thought has not been carried forward, which is worth reconsidering. With the comparison of ancient Chinese and western wealth thought, it can be concluded that the theoretical wealth thought of the ancient West will benefit the transformation of thinking mode, perfection of economic policy, grasping of wealth tension, and highlighting of wealth distribution justice in the development of contemporary Chinese economy.