小麦体细胞无性系SDS沉淀值的变异与遗传

Variation and Heridity of SDSSedimentations in Wheat Somaclones

对小麦品种高原６０２和甘８１５２９幼穗来源的体细胞无性系Ｒ２代１０４１个单株和Ｒ３代１１７个单株及相应对照ＳＤＳ沉淀值的测定结果表明，在６３个Ｒ２株系中，４４个株系的ＳＤＳ沉淀值发生了显著变化，变异率达６９８％，并获得了２７个高ＳＤＳ沉淀值株系；从Ｒ２高ＳＤＳ沉淀值单株形成的３９个Ｒ３株系中，获得ＳＤＳ沉淀值显著高于对照的株系２６个，显示出高ＳＤＳ沉淀值变异是可以遗传的。ＳＤＳ沉淀值提高的绝大多数变异株系，在产量性状上较对照差，但也获得了与产量性状协调较好的变异株系。

SDSsedimentation values were measured for 1041 R2 plants and 117 R3 plants from young inflorescence calli of wheat cultivars “Plateau 602” and “Gan 81529” 44 of 63 R2 somaclones (plant lines) had significant higher SDSsedimentation values than their respective controls This indicated that SDSsedimentation mutated in the somaclones of wheat The frequecy of mutation was 698% Among the 39 R3 plant lines from 39 R2 plants with higher SDSsedimentation values, 26 R3 plant lines still had significant higher SDSsedimentation values than the controls This meant that the higher SDSsedimentation mutatants were able to be heritable The somaclones with higher SDSsedimentaion values were generally poorer in yield components, but a few somaclones combined higher SDSsedimentation values with good yield components rather well, such as mutated plant lines AFD55 and AFD63