早期饲喂对肉仔鸡生产性能和免疫器官发育的影响

Effect of early feeding on growth performance and immune organ of broilers

选择刚出壳的AA肉仔鸡200只，随机分成2组，每组设4个重复，每个重复25只鸡，进行饲养试验。早期饲喂组在出壳3h饲喂超前期日粮，早期禁食组在出壳48h后饲喂常规肉雏鸡日粮。早期饲喂组于6日龄全部换为常规日粮。在试验的第21、42、49日龄称重、翅静脉采血，研究早期饲喂对生产性能、血清尿素氮和新城疫（NDV）抗体水平的影响。在21、42日龄采用收粪法分别进行2次代谢试验，测定氯沉积率。在试验结束时，进行屠宰试验，研究早期饲喂对胸肌率和免疫器官指数的影响。结果表明：（1）早期饲喂能显著的提高肉仔鸡各阶段的平均体质量（P〈O．05），0～21日龄鸡的氮沉积率显著高于早期禁食组（P〈0．05），血清尿素氮显著低于早期禁食组（P〈0．05），死亡率降低6％。（2）早期饲喂组鸡的免疫器官指数显著的大于早期禁食组（P〈0．05），并显著的提高了NDV抗体水平。（3）早期饲喂对胸肌率和腿肌率有显著的影响，与早期禁食组相比，胸肌率提高了2．14％而腿肌率下降了0．93％。

200 newly chickens were randomly divided into 2 groups, each four repetitions, which were received early feeding treatment,and early fasting treatment. The early feeding broilers were fed at about 3 h after hatching. The early fasting broilers were fed at about 48 h after hatching. At 21,42 and 49 d of age,the body weight was deter- mined to calculate growth performance,the blood sample was obtained to analyze serum urine nitrogen and NDV an- tibody level. At ~1 d and 42 d of age,nitrogen metabolism test was done to measure nitrogen deposit ratio. At the end of test,2 chicks were slaughtered to calculate slaughter performance and immune organ index. The result indicated that： （1）The average body weight of early feeding was higher than that of early fasting broilers （P＊~0.05） ;during 0- 21 day, the nitrogen deposit ratio and serum urine nitrogen of early feeding had significant improvement（P〈0.05）. The mortality rate of early feeding broilers was 6% less than that of early fasting. （2）Compared to early fasting broilers,the index of immune organs of early feeding broilers was higher（P〈0.05）. （3）The ratios of breast muscle and thigh muscle of early feeding were higher than those of early fasting.