基于给定交付期的供应链相关定价决策研究

Supply Chain Pricing Based on Given Delivery Time

针对价格、时间敏感需求,研究可替代产品基于给定交付期的供应链相关定价决策。分别构建了供应链竞争机制,供应商合作机制,系统整体合作机制下的决策模型,并对模型的最优性进行了分析。运用数值算例探讨了市场竞争环境变化对最优决策的影响,并比较了不同契约机制下的决策。结果表明,若企业面临价格竞争市场,随着市场竞争的加剧,总体上交付期较短的产品(零部件)应降低价格,交付期较长的产品(零部件)则应提高价格;若企业面临时间竞争市场,随着市场竞争的加剧,交付期较短的产品(零部件)应提高价格,而交付期较长的产品(零部件)则应降低价格;对制造商而言,当供应链采用竞争机制时对其最有利,竞争程度越高,制造商获得的收益越大。但对供应商而言,当采用供应商合作机制时对其最有利。对供应链整体而言,系统整体合作缺乏可行的基础。

Supply chain pricing based on given delivery time is investigated when demands are both price-sensitive and time-sensitive, and products are substitutable. Three models under competition mechanism, suppliers＇ cooperation mechanism and system cooperation mechanism are developed respectively, and the existence of the optimal solutions is analyzed. How the change of market environment would affect the decision results is discussed by a numerical study, and the results under different contract mechanisms are compared. The results show that, if firms face price competitive market, as the competition heats up, generally price of product （component） with shorter delivery time should be decreased and price of product （component） with longer delivery time should be increased; if firms face time competitive market, as the competition heats up, price of product （component） with shorter delivery time should be increased and price of product （component） with longer delivery time should be decreased; Competition mechanism in the supply chain is the most favorable for manufacturer, the more competition there is, the more profit manufacturer can get. But to suppliers, suppliers＇ cooperation mechanism is the best. For the whole supply chain, there is no system cooperation feasibility.