不同玉米自交系产量性状的配合力分析

Analysis on the Combining Abilities of Yield Traits of Different Maize Inbred Lines

[目的]为筛选优质高产的玉米杂交组合提供理论依据。[方法]对6个玉米自交系及其杂交组合的6个产量性状进行配合力分析。[结果]供试品种的6个产量性状的一般配合力表现出正向和负向效应。穗长的一般配合力大小为：NS226〉HAS-2〉鲁1056〉EGM-1〉系1523〉硒4455，穗粗的一般配合力大小为：EGM-1〉KS4455〉HA8-2〉NS226〉鲁1056〉系1523，行粒数的一般配合力大小为：EGM-1〉鲁1056〉NS226〉HA8-2〉系1523〉KS4455，千粒重的一般配合力大小为：HA8-2〉EGM-1〉系1523〉鲁1056〉NS226〉K54455。穗长、穗粗、行粒数和千粒重的特殊配合力变异范围分别为：-2．040～1．968、-0．268～0．406、-4．158～3．933和-19．2～59．9。杂交组合NS226×HA8-2、KS4455×EGM-1、系1523×HAS-2的产量分别为7740、7398和7602kg／hm^2。[结论]不同自交系及其杂交组合的不同性状的配合力不同。一般配合力高的亲本更容易产生特殊配合力高的杂交组合。

[ Objective] The purpose was to supply theoretical basis for screening high-quality and yield maize hybrids. [ Method] The combining abilities of the 6 yield traits of the 6 maize inbred lines and their hybrid combinations were analyzed. [ Result] The general combining abilities of the 6 yield traits of tested varieties showed positive-and negative-effect. The general combining abilities of ear length were as follows： NS226 〉 HAS-2 〉 Lu 1056 〉 EGM-1 〉 Line 1523 〉 KS4455, that of ear diaraeter were as follows： EGM-1 〉 K54455 〉 HA8-2 〉 NS226 〉 Lu 1056 〉 Line 1523, that of row grains were as follows： EGM-1 〉 Lu 1056 〉 NS226 〉 HA8-2 〉 Line 1523 〉 KS4455 and that of 1 000-secd weight were as follows： HA8-2 〉 EGM-1 〉 Line 1523 〉 Lu 1056〉 NS226 〉 KS4455. The variation ranges of special combining abilities of ear length, ear diameter, row grains and 1 000-secd weight were - 2.040 ～ 1.968, -0.268～0.406, -4.158～3.933 and - 19.2～59.9 rasp. The yields of hybrid combinations NS226 × HA8-2, KS4455 × EGM-1 and Line 1523 ×HAS-2 were 7 740, 7 398 and 7 602 kg/hm^2 resp. [ Conclusion] The combining abilities of different traits of different inbred lines and their hybrid combinations were different. The patents with high general combining abilities were inclined to generate hybrid combinations with high special combining ability.