妊娠合并肺炎诊治研究进展

The Management Options of Pneumonia During Pregnancy

妊娠合并肺炎罕见,与母亲高危因素和病原微生物感染相关。妊娠期肺炎病程、严重程度和病死率均较非妊娠期增加,早产和低出生体质量儿风险增加。妊娠早期病毒感染可致胎儿畸形,晚期感染可致宫内垂直感染。妊娠期肺炎严重程度的评估各国的标准未统一,其诊断和治疗与非妊娠期相同。终止妊娠能否改善母亲的呼吸状态尚需进一步探究,主张依据产科因素处理。高危人群注射疫苗和免疫球蛋白可预防妊娠期肺炎的发生。

Pneumonia is rare in pregnancy. It is associated with maternal risk factors and infection of microbial agents. Pneumonia during pregnancy has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality compared with non-pregnant women. Neonatal effects of it include low birth weight and increased risk of preterm birth. Virus infection can cause congenital malformations during the first two trimesters of pregnancy and intrauterine infection in the third trimester. Diagnosis and management strategies of pneumonia developed for non-pregnant adults can be broadly applied to pregnant women, though the severity assessment tools predicted the course of pneumonia are different in the world. It couldn＇t be concluded that elective delivery may improve maternal respiratory status .Delivery should be performed only for obstetric indications. Prevention with vaccination and immunoglobulin in at-risk populations may reduce the prevalence and severity of pneumonia in pregnant women.