洞穴碳酸钙沉积过程中的水形状因素(英文)

WATER SHAPES IN PROCESSES OF SPELEOTHEM DEPOSITION

洞穴碳酸钙的成因一直是很多学者研究的对象，特别是对于制约洞穴碳酸钙沉积的因素，研究的文章较多，比如象温度的因素。Pco2因素，水运动因素，界面因素，生物因素等等，作者多年来从事洞穴碳酸钙实验的研究，从水的界面因素及CO2逸出的机制出发提出了水体形状因素的观点，提出水体在不同的形状下，可以导致其沉积速度的不同，而且这种影响可以达到不可忽略的程度，同一体积的水体，由于它所处的不同形状的改变，将导致其沉积速度的很大差异，换言之，处于沉积中的CaCO3水，可以因为其水体形状的改变而产生加速的沉积作用。因此在讨论CaCO3沉积速度的时候，不能忽略其所处的水体形状条件。通过室内不同形状水体（同体积）的对比实验，以及同体积改变形状的实验，提出了水体形状的改变应是影响CaCO3沉积速度的重要因素。由于CO2在水中向空气逸出过程中，要经历一定的路程，当水体形状改变以后，C2Z的逸出路径大大地改变，这是造成沉积速度改变的主要原因。文章也提出，当水体形状被分裂成水沫形状时和水体被充满气泡时，这些形状的改变对CaCO3沉积速度改变最大。洞穴地下河以一种大体积小的水——气界面的状态存在，当以泉等形式递出地表时，它的水体形状改变往往是大水——气界面，小的水深。

The contrast test studies of different shapes of water fory and changed shapes of wa-ter body with same volume indicate that the later is an important factor to influence CaCO3 deposit veloc-ity. When CO2 goes out from air - water interface CO2 will go through a distance when escaping from air- water interface. The water shape change will result in a change of the distance and the area of air -water interface, and hence the change of deposition velocity. The change of water shapes into spray filledwith bubbles will grcatly alter the velocity. D value called as thin - water ratio is presented to show thechange of air - water interface and the distance of CO2 escapment when water shape changes. Under-ground river exists in a state of large depth but small air - water interface. When discharging to the sur-face as a spring, the water shape and C value equal to area/depth will changes with a state of great inter-face but shallow depth, i. e. great D value. This will result in the tufa's deposition. The paper is con-cluded with many continental CaCo3 dePOSits formed by processes.