北京市西城区1998～2007年霍乱监测结果分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of cholera surveillance in Xicheng District of Beijing during 1998～2007

目的总结分析1998～2007年北京市西城区霍乱监测结果,为制订有效的防控策略提供科学依据。方法选择北京市西城区外环境水体、熟食进行霍乱弧菌监测,监测时间为每年4～10月份,对农贸市场、超市市售海(水)产品进行监测,监测时间为每年1～12月份,对辖区内流动人口霍乱带菌情况进行监测,监测时间为每年6～9月。结果共监测各类标本52503件,检出霍乱弧菌36件,其中海(水)产品35件,流动人口粪便样品1件,总阳性率为0.07%;水产品阳性率为0.48%,其中以牛蛙阳性率最高(8.75%),其次为甲鱼(4.85%),血清学分型中,18件为小川型,17件为稻叶型,1件为O139群霍乱弧菌。结论应加大水产品监测力度,及时发现致病性病原菌,以便采取相应的防控措施。

Objective To analyze and evaluate the results of cholera surveillance in Xicheng District during 1998 - 2007 to provide evidence to formulate effective strategies and measures for its prevention and control. Methods Water from external environment and delicatessen were sampled for detecting Vibrio cholera during April to October, as well as sea food products sold at farmer markets and supermarkets during January to December, every year in Xicheng District. Carriage of V. cholera in migrant population in the District were monitored during June to September each year in 1998 - 2007. Results Totally, 52 503 specimens were collected in the 10 years, and V. cholera was detected in 36 of them （35 from sea food products and one from high-risk population）, with an overall positive rate of 0.07 percent, 0.48 percent in sea food products [highest in bullfrog specimens （8.75 percent） and 4.85 percent in turtle specimens]. Eighteen strains of V. cholera were serotyped, and 18 of them were identified as Ogawa type, 17 as Inaba type and one as O139 group. Conclusion It is necessary to enhance monitoring for sea food products to detect pathogenic bacteria in time in order to take corresponding control measures.