高能震波对家兔肝组织影响的超微细胞化学研究

Effect of High Energy Shock Wave on Liver Ultracytochemistry of Rabbit

目的为深入探讨高能震波对肝组织结构和功能的早期影响，给临床预防损伤提供依据。方法震波对肝脏定位作用后，取肝组织切超薄片，制备硝酸镧示踪和电镜酶细胞化学标本在透射电镜下观察。结果镧示踪标记法显示镧颗粒进入了细胞及线粒体内；毛细胆管紧密连接区也出现了致密的镧沉积，并与肝细胞间隙的镧沉积物相连，表明毛细胆管紧密连接已开放。酶细胞化学技术显示肝细胞线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶（ＳＤＨ）和毛细胆管壁上的碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）活性明显减弱或消失，焦磷酸硫胺素酶（ＴＰＰａｓｅ）的活性及定位也发生了改变，ＴＰＰａｓｅ从损伤的高尔基复合体及溶酶体样小泡漏出进入胞浆，部分毛细胆管壁上的ＴＰＰａｓｅ反应物减少。肝细胞间隙和毛细胆管紧密连接区可见ＴＰＰａｓｅ反应物。超微结构观察显示线粒体肿胀破裂，粗面内质网扩张囊泡化和脱颗粒。结论高能震波可以损伤肝细胞的超微结构与功能。

Objective To investigate the effect of high energy shock wave(HESW) on the liver of rabbit, providing basis for clinical prevention of injury.Methods With lanthanum as a tracer, enzymatic localization was used for ultrastructural study. Results The electron microscopical observation demonstrated that intracellular lanthanum could be found,most of which entered the hepatocytes and its mitochondria. The lanthanum granules were also found to deposite in the zone of tight junctions of bile canaliculi, indicating that the tight junctions had been damaged. The activities of succinate dehydrogenase(SDH) in hepatocytes, alkaline phosphatase( ALP ) and thiamine pyrophosphatase(TPPase ) on the wall of bile canaliculi became obviously less.Both the activities and localizations of TPPase had changed. Some TPPase from the damaged lysosome-like vesicles and Golgi saccules of hepatocytes discharged into the cytoplasm. TPPase reaction product in some bile canaliculi decreased. In the intercellular space of the hepatocytes and tight junctions of bile canaliculi, TPPase reaction could be seen. Ultrastructurally, the changes commonly seen were hydropic mitochondria and dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum.Conclusion HESW can damage the ultrastructure and function of liver.