尖端-尖端的火花放电路径的选择性

Selectivity of Spark Discharge Paths in Point/Point Gap in Air

研究火花放电特性是了解雷电路径的重要手段,研制了短间隙下火花放电实验装置和放电次数测量装置并进行实验研究.对所拍摄的放电图片进行了分析,发现短间隙情况下火花放电存在分步现象并进行解释,认为短间隙火花放电与雷电放电存在一定的相似性.对短空气间隙下尖端电极位置变化对放电次数的影响进行了研究,通过对大量的实验数据进行分析拟合,得到尖端电极位置与放电概率之间的函数关系,其反映了两个下电极对上电极距离差改变对放电选择性的影响.下电极和上电极的高度差对函数关系式中因子p有重要影响,p值决定了火花放电的范围.

Studying on the characteristics of spark discharge is an important method to research lightning discharge paths. Apparatuses were made to produce spark discharge in short gap and to record the times of spark discharge. It is discovered that spark discharge can be distributed to several steps by the analysis of some spark discharge photos, and explication was given to this phenomenon. This phenomenon also reveals the comparability between spark discharge and lightning discharge. Experiments were done to get relationship between the location of point electrode and time of discharge. Then a function of them was obtained through fitting experimental data. Effects of distance difference between two downward electrodes and one upward electrode on discharge selectivity is shown by the function. Height difference between upward electrode and downward electrode also has an important effect to factorp in the above function, and the value ofp decides the scope of spark discharge.