由项羽入佛看齐梁佛教的民间化——《吴兴楚王神庙碑》考论

On Discovery of Buddhism's Folk Tendency During Qi and Liang Dynasty from Xiang Yu's Integration into Buddhism——Textual Research on "The Monument for Chu Wang's Temple in Wuxing "

汉代以来,吴兴地区世有楚王项羽神庙,现存史书和吴兴地方志多有记载。梁简文帝所撰之《吴兴楚王神庙碑》本是一篇祭祀项羽神的碑文,然而,关于碑文的碑主为谁,明、清之际却产生了很大争议,迄无定论。通过考证,笔者认为《吴兴楚王神庙碑》之碑主应为楚王项羽。项羽为中国民间俗神之一,其生平事迹与佛教本无关联。但是,若从佛教中国化的角度加以考察,则完全可以确定项羽为《吴兴楚王神庙碑》之碑主。项羽等本土俗神在齐梁之际融入佛教的过程,更足以说明此时的佛教呈现出民间化的发展趋向。

Through research, I think, ＂The Monument for Chu Wang＇s Temple in Wuxing ＂ should be the monument of Xiang Yu—— the King of Chu. As one of the Chinese folk Gods, Xiang Yu＇s life story was not associated with Buddhism. But if you look from the perspective of Buddhism with Chinese characteristics as to take into investigation, it would be entirely sure that Xiang Yu should he the lord of the monument in ＂The Monument for Chu Wang＇s Temple in Wuxing ＂. More over, other folk Gods together with Xiang Yu were assimilated with Buddhism during Qi and Liang Dynasty, which explains sufficiently that the development of Buddhist at that time should have a folk tendency.