276例绝经后阴道出血患者诊断性刮宫结果分析及护理对策

An Analysis of the Results of Diagnostic Curettage on 276 Cases with Post-menopause Vaginal Hemorrhaging and the Nursing Strategies

回顾性调查分析276例绝经后阴道出血患者诊断性刮宫的结果,探讨绝经后阴道出血患者的年龄、绝经年限和病理类型的关系,提出护理对策。诊刮术发现功能性及功能失调性子宫出血为绝经后妇女阴道出血的首位原因,功能性及功能失调性子宫出血以增生型及萎缩型内膜改变为主,分泌型较少;患者良性病变中以炎症为主;患者年龄越大,绝经年限越长,恶性肿瘤发病率越高;宫内节育器也可导致绝经后出血。故重视患者心理护理,对绝经后阴道出血患者的随访跟踪,以降低妇科恶性肿瘤的发病率,同时加强健康宣教,指导绝经后妇女及时取出宫内节育器,主动采取有利健康的行为,自觉参加妇女病普查,做到早发现,早治疗老年妇科疾病。

This paper, through a retrospective analysis of the results of diagnostic curettage on 276 cases with post-menopause vaginal hemorrhaging, explores the relationship between the post-menopause hemorrhaging and the age, the length of menopause and the pathological type of the patients, and puts forward some nursing strategies. The primary causes for the post-menopause hemorrhaging are functional and dysfunctional uterine hemorrhaging, which predominantly take the form of hyperplastic and atrophic endometrial changes, with the secretion changes being few. The benign lesions are major inflammations. The greater the age and the length of menopause, the higher the incidence rate of malignant tumors. Intrauterine device can also incur post-menopause hemorrhaging. Therefore, importance should be attached to psychological nursing for such patients, follow-up visits should be made to them, in order to lower the incidence rate of gynaecological malignant tumors. Besides, they need to be reminded to remove the intrauterine device as soon as possible after the menopause, educated to take part in the general survey on gynaecological diseases for timely finding and treatment.