正常孕妇和妊高征患者血浆内皮素及血清一氧化氮的变化

Changes of Plasma Endothelin and Serum Nitric Oxide in Normal Pregnancy and Pregnancy-induced Hypertension

目的：探讨内皮素（ＥＴ）、一氧化氮（ＮＯ）及两者关系在正常妊娠生理和妊高征病理生理变化中的作用。方法：应用放射免疫法和Ｇｒｅｉｓｓ法测定２０名正常未孕妇女（ＮＮＰ组）、２０名正常孕晚期妇女（ＮＬＰ组）和３５名妊高征患者（ＰＩＨ组）的血浆ＥＴ和血清ＮＯ值，并加以比较。结果：ＮＬＰ组与ＮＮＰ组相比，血浆ＥＴ和血清ＮＯ水平均显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），但二者比值无明显变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）。中、重度ＰＩＨ组与ＮＬＰ组相比，ＥＴ水平显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＮＯ水平显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。各ＰＩＨ组ＥＴ／ＮＯ值均显著高于ＮＬＰ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。中、重度ＰＩＨ组ＥＴ／ＮＯ值显著高于轻度ＰＩＨ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。在中、重度ＰＩＨ组中，ＥＴ与ＮＯ呈显著负相关。结论：ＥＴ增高、ＮＯ降低，二者间平衡失调在妊高征病理生理变化中起重要作用。

Objective: This paper was designed to investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET) on normal pregnancy and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Methods: We studied 35 women with PIH (PIH group), 20 normal late pregnant women (NLP group) and 20 normal non-pregnant women (NNP group). The concentrations of NO and ET in serum and plasma were determined by Greiss reaction and radioimmunoassay. Results: The levels of ET and NO were significantly higher in NLP group as compared with NNP group ( P <0 01), but ET/NO ratio did not change obviously ( P >0 05). The ET level increased markedly and NO level decreased apparently in moderate and severe PIH group in comparison with those in NLP group ( P <0 01). The ET/NO ratio was significantly higher in each PIH group than that in NLP group ( P <0 01). The ET/NO ratio in moderate and severe PIH group was considerably higher than that in mild PIH group ( P <0 01). In moderate and severe PIH group, the ET level was negatively related to NO level. Conclusions: Decreased NO level, increased ET level, and the imbalance between them might play important roles in the pathogenesis of PIH.