双柏贫困县1997～2006年5岁以下儿童死亡率趋势分析

The mortality trend among children under 5 years in Shuangbai poverty stricken county in 1997-2006

目的通过对双柏县10年间5岁以下儿童死亡综合分析,了解该县10年来妇幼工作所取得的成就,明确突出的问题与挑战,为儿童生存状况的改善,提供战略选择和政策建议。方法按照中国5岁以下儿童死亡监测方案的要求对双柏县10年间5岁以下儿童死亡资料进行收集及整理。用PEMS软件做升降趋势分析。结果5岁以下儿童死亡率及婴儿死亡率均有下降趋势(P<0.05);新生儿死亡率2005、2006年有上升趋势;5岁以下儿童死亡年龄构成,年龄越小死亡率越高;5岁以下儿童死亡率及婴儿死亡率第1位死亡原因为腹泻和意外,新生儿死亡第1位原因为窒息。结论10年来5岁以下儿童死亡率呈下降趋势;婴儿死亡率、5岁以下儿童死亡率腹泻、意外仍是第1位死因;降低死亡率必须对新生儿窒息、低出生体重采取强有力的干预措施。

Objective Through the comprehensive analysis of 10-year period of mortality among children under 5 years in Shuanghai County, to understand the progress and achievement of women and children health care work in this county, to find the main problems and the challenges, so as to provide the strategic choice and the policy suggestion for improvement of the children＇s living condition. Methods The death data of children under 5 years in Shuanbai County during 1997 - 2006 was collected and analysed. Trend analysis was made with the PEMS software. Results There was a decline trends for both the mortality of children under 5 years and infant mortality （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. A increased trend was found for the neo- natal mortality during 2005 and 2006. The leading causes for the death of children under 5 year, infant death, and neonatal death were diarrhea, the accident, and the asphyxia. Conclusion Although the mortality of children under 5 years has decreased during 10 years period, more effective intervention shoud be done to control the leading causes of the death.