新生儿窒息相关因素分析及预防

Study on related factors for neonatal asphyxia and its prevention

目的探讨新生儿窒息的产科高危因素,寻找预防措施,避免新生儿窒息、死亡、致残的发生。方法回顾性分析导致128例新生儿窒息的产科因素。结果脐带异常是导致胎儿宫内窘迫的主要原因,羊水过少、胎位不正、产程异常、娩肩及娩头困难、产前出血、早产、妊娠合并症等均为新生儿窒息的高危因素,产前出血、妊娠合并症、早产三因素重度窒息比率最高。结论新生儿窒息常由多种产科因素导致。为减少新生儿窒息发生,必须做好产前保健,防治妊娠合并症,加强产时监护,预防并及时处理胎儿宫内窘迫和难产倾向病例。

Objective To explore the neonatal asphyxia in high -risk obstetrics, and to f＇md preventive measures to avoid neonatal as- phyxia, death and disability. Methods Retrospective analysis on 128 cases of neonatal asphyxia was carried out for finding its obstetric factors. Results Abnormal umbilical cord is the main reason for fetal asphyxia, oligohydramnlos, abnormal fetal position, abnormal course of delivery, difficulty in delivery of shoulders and delivery of head, prenatal bleeding, premature birth and pregnancy complications are risk factors for neonatal asphyxia. Antenatal hemorrhage, complications of pregnancy and premature are three factors responsible for causing the highest rate of severe as- phyxla. Conclusion The newborns are often stifled by a variety of obstetric factors. In order to reduce the occurrence of neonatal asphyxia, prena- tal care, prevention of complications of pregnancy, strengthening the monitoring of delivery course are important in prevention and deal with fetal distress and the tendency of difficult labor.