要素投入变化与经济增长的环境效应——基于中国省级面板数据的动态效应分析

Changes in Factor Inputs and the Environmental Effects of Economic Growth:Analysis Based on China's Provincial Panel Data

在数理模型的辅助下,本文从要素投入的视角,重新解释了环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)的形成机理。将经济发展分为三个阶段,随着环境资源存量的变化,对环境质量要求较高的人群的比例会逐渐提高,并最终保持在一个较高的水平上,故而带动人力资本污染弹性下降到负值域。在人力资本投入越过一个特定"门槛"后,环境曲线便呈现出倒U型的趋势。实证检验表明,经济增长从物质资本驱动型向人力资本驱动型的转变,正是在降低产出的污染弹性。

This paper attempts to explain the Environment Kuznets Curve （EKC） in a theoretical model by the perspective of productive factors which consists of physical and human capital. We divide economy development into three stages. With the changes of stock of environmental resources, the proportion of the population with higher environmental quality will gradually improve and ultimately stay at a high level,therefore promote human capital＇s pollution flexibility decreases to the negative domain. When the human capital investment increases to a particular ＂threshold＂ ,the environment＂ curve looks like an inverted U. In the model we put much importance on human capital and then test the robustness of the model by the case of China.