种植密度和氮肥用量在玉米高产栽培中的重要性研究

Research on the Impact of Planting Density and Amount of Nitrogen Fertilizer on High-yielding Cultivation of Hybrid Corn

[目的]进一步探讨杂交玉米新品种毕单15号的种植密度和氮肥施用量,提出相应的综合高产栽培技术。[方法]以毕单15号玉米为供试材料,设置60000、67500、75000株/hm23种不同种植密度及285、330、385 kg/hm23个氮肥用量,随机区组排列,研究种植密度和氮肥用量对玉米产量的影响。[结果]毕单15号玉米在中上等肥力土壤条件下,以中高种植密度(67500苗/hm2或75000苗/hm2)、高氮量(385 kg/hm2)栽培条件下的产量较高,经济效益较好。通过测土施肥与适当增加种植密度,可以获得8779kg/hm2的玉米单产。[结论]种植密度和氮肥施用量是影响玉米产量的两大重要因素,要提高玉米单产,就必须采用合理的种植密度和适量的氮肥施用量。

[ Objective ] The cultivation technique of high-yieliding hybrid Corn was presented through the research on the application of nitrogen fertilizer and the planting density. [ Method] The hybrid corn combination-Bidan No. 15 being used as the experimental material, the effect of the application of nitrogen fertilizer（285,330 and 385 kg/hm2 ） and the planting density（60000, 67500 and 75000 seedling/hm2 ） on its yield was analyzed with the design of random block. [ Results ] Beyond the middle level of soil fertility, the planting density of medium-high level （67 500 or 75 000 seedling/hm2） and high leve of N-fertilization （385 kg/hm2） could promote its high yield and the yield of the hybrid corn could be 8 779 kg/hm2 under the fertilization based on soil-testing and reasonable planting density. [ Conclusion] The reasonable planting density and fertilization, two important factors affecting the corn yield, could improve corn yield.