柑橘气孔性状及开张度日变化规律研究

Study on Stomata Characteristics of Citrus and Daily Change Rule of the Size of the Stomata Aperture

[目的]为柑橘冬季管理提供理论依据。[方法]以尾张温州蜜柑(Citrus unshiu Marc. cv. Owari)和琯溪蜜柚[C. grandis(L.) Osbeck. cv. Guanxim iyou]为试验材料,测定了叶片不同部位气孔密度、气孔纵径和横径,观测了冬季晴天气孔开张度的日变化。[结果]在所观测的2个柑橘叶片的3个部位中,叶片中部的气孔横径、纵径和气孔密度均比其他部位的要大;琯溪蜜柚的气孔密度比尾张温州蜜柑要小;2种柑橘气孔开张度变化趋势趋于一致。[结论]冬季柑橘应加强田间管理,以保护叶片的正常生理功能。

[ Objective ] The research aimed to provide an academic foundation for field management of citrus in winter. [ Method ] ＇ Owari＇ Satsuma mandarin （Citrus unshiu Marc. ） and ＇ Guanximiyou＇ pummelo [ C. grandis （L.） Osbeck] were used in this study to explore stomata diameter, stomata length and stomata density from three different parts of the leaves from the two citrus cultivars, as wall as daily change of the size of the stomata aperture. [ Result]The results showed as the following： （i） Stomata diameter, stomata length and stomata density in the middle part of leaves was more than that of other two parts, respectively. （2） The stomata density of ＇ Guanximiyou＇ pummelo was fewer than that of ＇ Owari＇ Satsuma mandarin. （3） Both Owari＇ Satsuma mandarin and ＇ Guanximiyou＇ pummelo shared the similar rule of daily change in the size of the stomata aperture in the sunny day. [ Conclusion] Field management is also very important for citrus in winter, and emphasis should be put on maintaining normal physiological functions of leaves.