糖尿病合并高度近视动物模型的制作

Establishment of animal model for high myopia associated with diabetes mellitus

目的探讨糖尿病合并高度近视动物模型的制备方法,为糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)进展与屈光不正的相关性研究提供实验依据。方法选取出生1周龄的三色豚鼠60只,随机分为4个组,每组15只,Ⅰ组为正常对照组;Ⅱ组饲养6周后,腹腔小剂量多次注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱发糖尿病;Ⅲ组用自制透明眼罩遮盖右眼诱导形觉剥夺性近视;Ⅳ组为形觉剥夺性近视+糖尿病组。结果Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组均能成功诱导高度近视模型;腹腔注射STZ豚鼠的血糖、体重与其他组比较,差异均有统计学意义。Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组死亡率为0,Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组死亡率为13.3%。结论透明眼罩遮盖联合STZ小剂量多次腹腔注射是一种可靠的制备糖尿病合并高度近视动物模型的方法。

Objective Some clinical researches on myopia associated with diabetic retinopathy（DR） determined that there is a negative corrlation between extent of myopia and progress of DR. However, the laboratory evidence of this conclusion is absent. This work was to establish an animal model for high myopia associated with diabetes mellitus （DM） in guinea pigs and provide a reference for the study on the correlation of diabetic retinopathy （DR） with refractive error. Methods Sixty one- week-old tricolor guinea pigs were selected in this study and divided into four groups. The only buffer solution was intraperitoneally injected as normal control in group Ⅰ . DM was induced by repeatingly intraperitoneal injection of streptozotoein（STZ） at a lowdose in group Ⅱ after regular raise for 6 weeks. In group Ⅲ ,the right eyes of the animals without DM were occluded with self-made transparent eye-goggles to induce the high myopia, and in group Ⅳ, the DM was induced at the same way after occluding procedure of the right eyes for 6 weeks. The DM model was identified as the blood glucose ≥ 16.7 mmol/L,and the high myopia was determined as the diopter ≥- 6.00 D. The diopter was detected by retinoscopy. The ocular axial length was measured with caliper 20 weeks later. Results The DM model was successfully established in 26 animals from groupⅡ and group Ⅳ , and high myopic eyes were successfully induced in 28 right eyes from group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ. The DM outcomes were revealed by the much higher blood glucose level and significantly lower body weight in the animals of group Ⅱ and groupⅣ compared with group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The absolute value of diopter and ocular axial length were considerably elevated in group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ compared with group Ⅰand group Ⅲ （P 〈 0. 01 ）. None of guinea pigs in group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ dead through the experimental duration,and the mortality of group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ was 13.3% . Conclusion The animal model for high myopia associated with DM can be created successfully by a joint procedure of occlusion with self-made transparent eye-goggles and lowdose of repeated injection of STZ.