西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼作业渔场特征

Fishing grounds characteristics of Illex argentinus in southwest Atlantic

基于2006年1—7月中国鱿钓船在西南大西洋捕获阿根廷滑柔鱼的生产数据及卫星反演的海流、海水表层温度和叶绿素a浓度等海洋环境资料,综合分析了阿根廷滑柔鱼的作业渔场、产量及环境特点.结果表明:西南大西洋存在2个主要的阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场,南部中心位置在60°30′W、45°30′S,北部中心位置在58°00′W、42°00′S,1—7月,作业渔场由南向北移动;不同月份阿根廷滑柔鱼产量的差异较大,其中,1—4月产量较高,最高产量出现在3月,5月之后,其产量逐渐减少;阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场与福克兰寒流流经路径有关,北部渔场位于福克兰寒流的主流上,平均流速为28～60cm·s-1,南部渔场在寒流的西边界处,且其西部伴有一小尺度反气旋涡,平均流速在5～32cm·s-1;阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场的适宜海洋表层温度在7℃～15℃,最适宜温度约12℃,适宜的海水叶绿素a浓度在0.4～1.5mg·m-3,最适宜浓度在0.9～1.2mg·m-3,且海水叶绿素a浓度与捕捞量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05).

Based on the catch amount data of Chinese and the sea current, sea surface temperature （SST） squid jigger vessels from January to July 2006 and chlorophyll-a （chl-a） data derived from satellites, the characteristics of lllex argentinus fishing grounds, their productivity, and environment factors in southwest Atlantic were analyzed. There were two main I. argentinus fishing grounds in southwest Atlantic, one in its south part （60°30＇ W, 45°30＇ S） and the other in the north part （58°00＇ W, 42°00＇ S）. From January to July, the main fishing grounds migrated from south to north. The productivity fluctuated notably in different months, being higher from January to April and the highest in March. After May, the productivity decreased gradually. The locations of the fishing grounds had close relationships with Falkland cold current. North fishing ground located at the main axis of the current, with a current speed of about 28-60 cm· s^-1 ; and south fishing ground located at the west of the current, with a small scale anticyclone and a current speed of about 5-32 cm· s^-1. The favorable SST in the fishing grounds was 7 ℃-15 ℃, with a favorite SST of 12℃, and the favorable chl-a concentration was 0. 4-1.5 mg· m^-3, with a favorite chl-a concentration of O. 9-1.2 mg· m^-3. A significant positive relationship was observed between I. argentinus productivity and chl-a concentration （P 〈 0.05 ）.