航天应急故障操作程序复杂度度量方法研究

Operation Complexity Measure of Emergency Failure Operation Procedure in Spaceflight

通过对航天应急故障操作程序进行复杂度定量,可避免操作程序设计不当导致的工作负荷增加,为航天员训练时间分配、以及协同工作负荷分配提供量化依据。通过进行航天应急故障操作程序复杂度分析,提出四个复杂度度量子指标,这些指标分别为操作步骤规模复杂度、操作逻辑复杂度、操作仪器信息复杂度和任务信息复杂度,可以从不同角度为操作复杂度定量。然后采用软件领域用以评估软件程序复杂度的熵值法,分别对四个子指标进行度量,并汇总得到操作复杂度度量值。最后通过航天员训练数据对比,对所提出的复杂度度量方法进行验证。回归结果表明,航天应急故障操作复杂度度量方法是有效的,其度量值可以预测航天应急故障操作的操作时间。

In this paper, the operation complexity of emergency failure operation procedure （EFOP） in spaceflight is proposed based on four factors： complexity of operation steps size （COSS）, complexity of operation logic structure （COLS）, complexity of operation instruments information （COⅡ）, and complexity of space mission information （CSMI）. The concept of entropy in soft- ware engineering is introduced into the evaluation of emergency operation complexity in spaceflight. The whole study has four parts. First, through operation complexity influence factor analysis, the four operation complexity factors of EFOP were introduced into the evaluation of EFOP in spaceflight from various aspects. Second, the entropy measure was chosen to measure the four factors. Then, four factors＇ complexity values were computed and the operation complexity of EFOP in spaceflight was determined on the basis of these values. At last, operation complexity values were compared with the operation time of training. The regression analysis showed that operation time could be well predicted from operation complexity. The operation complexity measure proposed in this paper will be useful for the design of EFOP in spaceflight and astronauts training on ground.