论英语使役结构与“投射”

On English Causative Constructions and "Projection"

基于系统功能语言学对英语使役结构的相关研究以及"投射"理论,本文对"以施动者为中心"的英语使役结构与投射结构进行了辨析讨论。通过分析,我们发现,两者紧密相连而又有相异之处。由情感使役动词(如frighten)、使役关系动词(如guarantee)、认知使役动词(如remind)体现过程的使役结构可包含事实嵌入投射或主从观点投射充当结构成分,但另一方面,这些类型的使役结构又与主从述说投射结构相区别;我们需根据"使因"成分以及结构所在的上下文对使役意义的表达做出正确判断。

The paper, based on the related research on English causative constructions and on the theory of ＂projection＂ in Systemic Functional Linguistics, carries out a discussion on ＂Agent-centered＂ causative constructions and ＂projection＂. The analysis shows that while causative constructions, with the ＂please＂ type affcctive verb, the ＂guarantee＂ type causative relational process verb, or the ＂please＂ type cognitive verb as Process, can take an embedded fact or a hypotaetic projected idea as one constituent of the construction, they are distinguished from the hypotactie locution projection, though the borderline between them is somewhat blurring. The analysis is believed to facilitate a better understanding of the expression of the causative meaning in English.