樟科10属14种木材解剖学特征的比较研究

Comparative Study on Wood Anatomical Structure of 14 Species Belonging to 10 Genera of Lauraceae

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜,对樟科10属14种木材结构进行观察。结果表明:除檫木外,其它木材的管孔分布均为散孔材,具较高的单孔率;导管分子穿孔板兼有单穿孔和梯状穿孔2种或者仅具有单穿孔;导管间纹孔式为互列;导管-射线间纹孔式类型丰富,主要为刻痕状和大圆状。木射线有单列和多列射线2种类型,单列射线稀少、短,多列射线数量多;射线组织主要为异形Ⅲ和异形Ⅱ;轴向薄壁组织以傍管状为主,少数有带状或轮界状。油细胞和粘液细胞普遍存在于射线薄壁细胞或轴向薄壁细胞中。木纤维由韧性纤维和纤维管胞组成,部分树种具分隔纤维。从樟科木材结构特征与系统演化关系看出:樟科木材结构表现为过渡型,即不完全低级,也不完全进化。

The wood anatomy features of 14 species belonging to 10 genera of Lauraceae were investigated using light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The wood structures of Lauraceae were characterized by most diffuse porous （ring porous in sassafras）; most pores solitary, less multiple and cluster pores; simple and scalariform perforation with few bars; most solitary pore ; alternate intervessel pitting; most of rays muhiseriate, less uniseriate ; all of rays heterogeneous, mostly heterogeneous Ⅲ and Ⅱ type rays; most of axial parenchyma paratracheal type, less banded or marginal type; oil cell and mucilage cell in axial parenchyma cell or ray cell; mostly fiber tracheid and libriform fiber, less septate fiber. Judging from the ralationships between wood structure and systematic anatomy, the wood structures laurel family were transition.