行为与安全绩效关系研究

Relationship between behavior and safety performance

为验证煤矿员工行为改善对事故预防的有效性,基于操作条件反射理论设计了适合煤矿的行为纠正方法,选取采煤、掘进两区队各工种可观察不安全行为223项,进行了9个月井下试验.将行为安全指数与客观安全绩效指标进行关联分析,发现行为安全指数提高25%,"违章"比例则降低84.3%,事故扣款比例降低78.9%.结果表明,行为改善可迅速并显著提高企业安全绩效,降低煤矿事故发生的可能性,产生显著的直接经济效益;试验也发现,以惩罚为主的我国煤矿现有行为管理方法应随企业发展而实时调整.

To analyze the relationship between employee behavior and safety performance, behavior-based safety which based on conditioned reflex theory was used, 223 kinds of safety-related behaviors for cutting and tunneling teams were extracted, and a 9 months behavioral observational experiment was conducted in a certain coalmine. Through this experiment, the behavioral safety index increases by 25%, the proportion of unprofessional operation decreases 84. 3%, and accidents deduction decreases 78.9%. It reveals that behavioral improvement can improve safety performance, reduce accident rates, increase direct economic benefit immediately and significantly. Based on the results, the authors argue that behavioral management in Chinese coal mines should be changed from retribution-oriented to motivation-oriented.