从基督宗教的第3次入华高潮到西方早期中国观的形成

From the Third Peak Christianity Entered into China to the Early Chinese Conception Forming in the West

基督宗教的首次入华高潮是唐代的景教徒,第2次高潮是元代的方济各会士,第3次入华高潮则是明末清初的以耶稣会士为主的天主教多个修会的传教士。入华耶稣会士们来自欧洲几乎所有国家,但以南中欧拉丁文化的国家为主。他们的社会出身一般较高贵,故来华后走上层路线,广交上至朝廷,下至文人儒士,推行中国文化"适应政策"。他们在传教方面收获不大,在中西文化交流方面却功不可没。在中西文化交流中,对于中学西渐的贡献,还要大于其对西学中渐的贡献。他们的书简、报告和著述,促进了西方早期的中国观的形成。

The first peak Christianity entered into China is Nestorianism in Tang dynasty, the second peak the Franciscan Order, the third peak missionary from many churches of Catholicism taking the Jesuits as the dominant factor. They came from European countries especially from the middle and southern Latin European countries. They were usually born in the purple and entered the upper-class society in China and practiced ＂adaptive policy＂ through associating with Chinese of- ricers and learned men. They contributed a lot to tbe cultural communication between China and the West, in which they contributed more to Chinese learning transmitting to the west than to Western learning transmitting to China. Their written works promoted the early Chinese conception forming in the West.