能力约束条件下城市道路和停车流量分配模型及算法

Urban Road and Parking Assignment Model and Its Algorithm with Capacity Constrain

在城市交通系统中,动态交通和静态交通之间存在着密切的关系,两者之间既相互促进又相互制约.本文对城市交通网络中的道路及停车流量分配问题进行了探讨和研究.充分考虑了影响出行者停车选择的主要因素,包括车辆行驶费用、停车费用以及步行费用等,构造了停车场广义效用函数,采用Logit模型来描述出行者的停车选择概率,并假定出行者的路径选择行为满足W ardrop平衡准则.在此基础上,综合考虑交通网络中出行者的路径选择和停车选择问题,提出了具有能力约束的城市道路及停车流量分配的用户平衡模型,并给出了求解该模型的算法.最后通过一个简单算例,对模型及算法进行了验证,分析了不同交通需求及停车收费条件下停车流量的变化情况.

Parking is obviously one of the crucial factors that affect the performance of a transportation system. The main focus of this paper is to study the routing and parking problem in urban traffic network simultaneously. First, the factors including road-driving time, parking cost, and walking time that influence drivers＇parking choices are all considered and the general utility function for parking plot is formulated. The Logit model is then used to describe the drivers＇ parking choice behavior. Then Wardrop user equilibrium principle is adopted to describe the drivers＇ route choice behaviors. On the basis of these, a Logit-based stochastic user equilibrium model with capacity constrain is presented and its algorithm is proposed simultaneously. Finally, the applications of the model and its algorithm are illustrated with a numeral example.