高峰期轨道交通客流的弹性“瓶颈”平衡模型

Elastic Bottleneck Equilibrium Model for Rail Transit Passengers at Rush Hours

以瓶颈模型在高峰期轨道交通客流平衡中应用不足为切入点,针对具有潮汐客流特征的轨道线路,给出能够反映不同站点出行特征的弹性瓶颈概念,并以此为基准,提出弹性"瓶颈"平衡模型.首先,扩充了拥挤风险费用的定义,建立了更加符合实际的高峰期不同轨道交通站点不同时段的出行费用模型;其次,建立轨道交通高峰时段计算方程,分析不同站点的高峰时段特征;再次,结合轨道交通站点的弹性特征,构建了高峰期轨道交通客流的弹性瓶颈平衡计算模型;最后,通过模型计算求解,对比分析模型分析结果与土地价值的空间递减性之间的相似度,以验证弹性"瓶颈"模型的合理性.

As the traditional bottlenecks models are failed to be fully utilized in the rail transit equilibrium at rush hours, the paper proposes the elastic bottleneck concepts which can reflect the trip character in each station, and develops a bottleneck equilibrium traffic flow model. First, with extending the definition of congestion risk cost, a more reasonable travel cost model for different stations at different time is developed at rush hours. Then, the peak hours computing equation is formulated to investigate the characteristics of rush hours. Considering the elastic features of different stations, the elastic bottleneck equilibrium model at the rush hours is developed. Finally, after model solution, the similarity between the model result and land value of space diminishing is analyzed comparatively, which is used to demonstrate the rationality of the proposed elastic bottlenecks model.