2008年中国烟盒包装健康警示效果评估

Effectiveness evaluation of health warnings on cigarette packs in China,2008

目的评估中国居民对中国烟盒健康警示以及国外图形及文字方式健康警示有效性的感知。方法在北京、上海、昆明、银川4个城市共调查1169人,包括成年吸烟者、非吸烟者以及青少年,男女各半。以中华牌烟盒为背景,制作了10种不同的健康警示,包括我国大陆地区文字警示新版和旧版共2种,译成中文的国外图文警示共4种,以及以这4种图文警示为基础删除图形后的国外文字警示4种。调查对象对10种健康警示进行评分和排序。结果在促使吸烟者戒烟及阻止青少年吸烟方面,图文警示有效性评分最高,国外文字警示次之,中国文字警示旧版有效性评分最低。排序结果与评分结果基本一致,均表现为图文警示优于国外文字警示,优于中国文字警示。在不同研究对象组、城市、性别的分析中,结果一致。结论中国新烟盒健康警示与旧的警示相比,效果提高非常有限。中国应切实履行《烟草控制框架公约》第11条实施准则的要求,使用图形加文字方式的健康警示,向公众有效传播吸烟的健康危害知识。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health warnings on cigarette packs among Chinese residents. Methods 1169 individuals, including adult smokers, adult non-smokers and youth, balanced on gender, were selected from Beijing, Shanghai, Kunming, Yinchuan cities. The participants rated and ranked 10 real-size photographs of cigarette packs with a health warning. In addition to the two Chinese text warnings （ one old and one new）, there were 4 Chinese versions health warnings from foreign countries and the same 4 warnings with the picture removed. Results Regarding the effectiveness of motivating smokers to quit and convincing youth not to start smoking, the picture warnings were consistently ranked or rated in the top positions, followed by the 4 foreign text-only warnings. The old Chinese text warnings were consistently ranked or rated in the bottom. Results were very consistent across subject groups, cities and gender. Conclusion The new Chinese warning gained a small enhancement in term of effectiveness. It is necessary to use powerful health warnings on cigarette packs following the Article 11 of Framework Convention on Tobacco Control to improve the effectiveness of the communication of health harm knowledge to the publics.