黑潮对中国近海热盐输运的季节和年际变化

Seasonal and interannual variations of the heat and salt transports between Kuroshio and the costal oceans near China

应用垂向混合坐标系海洋模式(HYCOM),对赤道以及北太平洋进行了气候态模拟和1990-1999年的模拟.给出了黑潮对我国近海热量和盐量输运的定量结果,并对其季节和年际变化特征进行了分析.气候态模拟的结果表明,黑潮对东海的热量输运与该区域的海表面热通量同量级,且呈反向变化,热量输运冬季最大,夏季最小,7月为-9×1013W,2月为2.5×1014W,春、秋为过渡季节.黑潮向南海输运的热量除夏季为负值外,其它季节均为正值.黑潮年均向东海输运热量1.67×1014W,向南海输运热量1.5×1014W.盐量输运的变化趋势与热量一致.对1990-1999年的模拟结果进行小波分析表明,黑潮对东海热量和盐量输运具有4～7年的显著周期,且与厄尔尼诺现象密切相关.厄尔尼诺年,黑潮向东海输运的热量和盐量均有明显减小.黑潮对南海热量和盐量输运的周期约为3～4年.黑潮对南海的热量输运也与厄尔尼诺现象存在负相关关系.

The study was carried out using the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model. Both climatological and 10-year （1990-1999） simulating results were used. According to the climatological results, the heat transport from Kuroshio to the East China Sea is maximum in winter, and minimum in summer. The transport to the South China Sea is always positive except in summer. The annual mean of heat transport to the East China Sea and South China sea is 1.67×10^14W and 1.5×10^14W. The salt transport changing trend is similar to the heat. According to the wavelet analysis of 1990 - 1999 simu-lating results, the transport to the East China Sea has a period of 4 to 7 years, and is negatively corre-lated with the nino 3.4 inde. While the South China Sea transport＇s period is 3 to 4 years, and also shows certain correlation with EL Nino.