马铃薯晚疫病菌毒素与寄主品种抗性关系研究

Study on the Relationship Between the Toxin of Phytophthora Infestans and Resistance of Potato

【目的】明确晚疫病菌毒素对马铃薯的毒害作用,及不同生理小种产生的毒素对不同抗病品种的毒性差异。【方法】将马铃薯晚疫病菌培养在液体培养基(每升用黑麦粒60g,含10%番茄汁)中,置于17℃培养箱中黑暗培养1个月,4层纱布过滤,滤液用(NH4)2SO4盐析,透析后的液体为毒素液。将该毒素液作为介体来测定马铃薯3个品种(叶片和薯块)的抗性。【结果】接种该毒素的马铃薯的叶片和薯块产生的症状与接种马铃薯晚疫病菌孢子囊产生的症状相似。马铃薯品种不同对不同浓度的毒素稀释液和源于不同马铃薯晚疫病菌菌株的毒素的反应不同。推测毒素介导下马铃薯和晚疫病菌间的特异性是存在的。马铃薯的叶片和薯块对毒素的反应是不同的,甚至是相反的。【结论】毒素介导下可能存在马铃薯和晚疫病菌间的特异性反应。

[Objective] This study is to make clear the poisoning effect ofphytophthora infestans toxins for potato, and to discover the toxicity different from physiological race to potato verieties. [Method] Putative P. infestans toxins were prepared by culturing in liquid medium （ 60 g rye and 10% tomato juice per litre） for 1 month at 17℃, filtering through 4 layers of cheesecloth, and being precipitated by ammonium sulfate. The resulted putative toxin solutions were used to examine the reactions of 3 potato varieties （both leaf and tuber tissues） to the putative toxins. [Result] The results show that potato leaves and tubers exhibit symptoms similar to the late blight resulted from P. infestans infection. Potato varieties reacted differentially to both the toxin dilutions and toxins produced by different P. infestans isolates, suggesting the presence of toxin-mediated specificities between potato and P. infestans. Potato leaf and tuber tissues have different and contrary reactions to the toxin. [ Conclusion] Toxin-mediated specificities are likely present between potato and P. infestans.