不同耕作方式下施用有机肥对稻田土壤肥力及抛栽水稻产量的影响

Effects of Different Tillage Methods and Straw Remaining in Field on Rice Yield and Soil Fertility

研究不同耕作方式下施用有机肥对稻田土壤理化性状和抛栽水稻产量的影响。结果表明：稻田连续免耕2年以后土壤物理性状变差；在整个水稻生长期间，免耕稻田的表层土壤养分含量大于翻耕；成熟期免耕0—5cm土层土壤养分和土壤酶活力提高，而5～10cm和10—15cm土层的大部分养分含量降低；免耕导致土壤细菌增加，真菌和放线菌减少。免耕2年以后水稻产量有所下降，但施用有机肥可以改善土壤理化性状，减轻连续多年免耕对水稻产量的不良影响。

The effects of different tillage methods on soil ecology and rice yield were studied. The results showed that the physical characteristics were changing for worse after two years of no - tillage. During the rice growth stages, the content of surface soil nutrients of no - tillage soil was higher than that of conventional tillage treatment. At the maturity stage, soil nutrients and enzyme activity in 0 -5 cm soil layer of no - increased,but lots of soil nutrients in 5 - 10 cm ＆ 10 - 15 cm were lower than those in conventional tillage tillage treatment. The amount of bacteria with no - tillage increased, while that of soil fungi and actinomyces reduced. After two years of no - tillage, rice yield was lower than that of conventional tillage treatment, but the soil physical and chemical and biological characteristics were improved and the effect of continuous no - tillage on rice yield were reduced by milk vetch and straw incorooration.