云南新平哀牢山夜间捕获鸟类的多样性

Diversity of the Birds Captured at Night in Ailao Mountain, Xinping County, Yunnan Province

2007-09-05—2007-11-05和2008-09-03—2008-11-07期间,在云南省新平县哀牢山金山丫口用灯光诱捕对秋季夜间迁徙鸟类组成进行了调查。共捕获鸟类129种,7943只,分属于14目23科。雀形目鸟类为网捕主要鸟类,占总网捕数量的58.9%。其中红尾伯劳(Lanius cristatus)、小杜鹃(Cuculus poliocephalus)和红喉歌鸲(Luscinia calliope)3种是该地夜间网捕优势种鸟类,三者数量皆超过网捕鸟类总数的5%。每天夜间20:00—22:00和次日凌晨04:00—06:00是捕获鸟类数量的高峰时段。网捕期间,早期Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数最低,优势指数C最高;中期Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数最高,优势度指数C最低。2008与2007年相比,优势指数C和G-F指数较低,但Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数较高。云南省不同"打雀山"夜间捕获鸟类的种类和数量存在差异。地理和气候可能是造成这些差异的主要因素。

The composition of nocturnal migratory birds was investigated by light trapping at Jinshan yakou in Ailao Mountain, Xinping County, Yunnan Province from September 5th to November 5th 2007 and from September 3rd to November 7th 2008. Totally, 7943 individuals of 129 species, which belong to 23 families, 14 orders, were caught. Passerines were the main species at 58.9% of all birds captured. Lanius cristatus, Cuculus poliocephalus, Luscinia calliope were predominant and every one was more than 5%. The number of birds captured was highest from 20：00 to 22：00 and from 04：00 to 06：00 every day. During 2007 and 2008, Both of Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index were lowest, and C index was highest in early period. However, both of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index were highest, and C index was lowest in the middle stage. C index and G-F index were higher in 2007 than in 2008. But Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index were higher in 2008 than in 2007. There were differences with the number and species of the birds captured at night between various birds migration localities. Geography and climate were important factors that affect the differences.