重盐碱地养殖池塘水化学特性的研究

STUDIES ON CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER CHEMISTRY OF CULTURE PONDS WITH HEAVY SALINE-ALKALINE SOIL

2007年6月～10月对位于黄河下游重盐碱地凡纳滨对虾养殖池塘的水化学特性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)该地区水体的水型主要表现为ClNaⅢ,总含盐量较高,平均(2143.77±859.18)mg/L,在阴离子中,氯离子含量最高,平均(944.07±477.57)mg/L。(2)pH值较高,各池塘平均值为8.79～9.15,在整个养殖周期中水体pH>8.5的比例占87.9%,pH>9的比例占47.0%。(3)总硬度较高,平均为(11.96±3.69)mmol/L,极值范围为7.05～22.4mmol/L,主要表现为镁硬度。(4)水体中营养元素氮的含量较高,活性磷的含量相对较低,而总磷含量较丰富,能够满足浮游植物生长的需求。

The water chemical characteristics for Litopenaeus vannamei culture ponds of heavy saline-alkaline soil lied in the downriver area of the Yellow River were measured systematically from June to October in 2007. The results indicated that. （1） The water type of this locality was basically Cl^NaⅢ and ClNaⅡ occurred at some times, and the salinity was high, the mean value being （2143. 77±859. 18） mg·L^-1, in the anions, Cl^-〉SO4^2-〉HCO3^- ＋CO3^2- which were 944.07±477. 57, 320.96±85.69 and 223.57 ±48.63mg·L^-1 , respectively. （2） The alkalinities were mainly composed of HCO3-, the mean values were 1. 94-3.32mmol·L^-1. The pH value was high, the mean value ranged from 8.79 to 9.15, the percentage of pH〉8.5 and pH〉9 was 87.9% and 47.0% during the cultivated period. （3） The total hardness was comparatively high, the mean value was （11.96±3.69） mmol·L^-1 , and the extremum scope was 7.05-22.4mmol·L^-1 , Mg^2＋〉Ca^2＋. The fluctuation of ions was mainly influenced by the contents of ions from exotic waters, meanwhile, precipitation and adding water could also affect the change of ions. （4） The concentration of nitrogen was high and the concentration of active phosphorus was relatively low. However, the concentration of total phosphorus was comparatively high. Both of the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus could satisfy the growth of the phytoplankton.