仅用相位差变化率的机载单站无源定位方法及其误差分析

A Single Observer Passive Localization Method Using Phase Difference Changing Rate Only and Its Error Analysis

针对以往单站无源定位系统中长短基线干涉仪系统复杂、角度测量易受干涉仪通道幅度/相位不一致的影响等问题,提出了一种仅仅利用长基线干涉仪(LBI)的相位差变化率实现单站无源定位的新方法,并对该定位方法误差的克拉美-罗下限(CRLB)进行了推导和分析,计算并分析了不同的干涉仪基线安装方向、不同的观测器运动方式下的定位误差几何分布(GDOP)。结果表明,仅用相位差变化率定位时,为了达到侧翼最好精度,干涉仪最好平行机身安装;为了达到侧前方较好精度,干涉仪需垂直安装;观测器的运动姿态最好发生某种机动变化。

Due to the complex structure of multi-baseline interferometers and the drawback that bearings are easily affected by differences in amplitude and phase between the channels of an interferometer, a new single observer passive localization method using long baseline interferometer （LBI） phase rate-of-changing information only was proposed. The Cramer-Rao lower bound （CRLB） of this method was analyzed, and then the localization geometric dilution of precision （GDOP） under different baseline directions and different observer maneuvering modes was computed. The results show that when the locating emitter uses phase rate-of-changing information only, the interferometer should be parallel to the flight body to achieve the best flank direction localization precision, and that it should be vertical to the flight body to achieve the best front flank direction localization precision. The movement and attitude of the observer should also make some changes in the location process.