历史与形而上学的歧途——王国维与常州词派之一

History and Metaphysics:WANG Guo-wei and the Changzhou Poetry School

王国维与常州词派在文学阐释上存在差异,常州词派继承中国古代诗学传统,以"比兴寄托"为旨,力图通过重建诗歌与历史的关系来阐发作品的思想意义,他们的文学批评是政治性和道德性的。而王国维则站在西方近代美学非政治和非道德的立场上,依据诗歌与形而上学的关系来阐发作品的思想意义。这两种阐释方式折射出中西两种不同的宇宙观。论文还同时揭示了王国维在走出中国古代诗学"阐释共同体",进入西方诗学"阐释共同体"的过程中所发生的犹疑和矛盾,而产生这种矛盾的根源,正是被王国维在理论上一度唾弃的历史本身。

In Liteary criticism, WANG Guo has a different interpretative strategy from that of the Changzhou poetry school. The latter create poems by virtue of analogy, and interpret the meanings of poetic words by reconstructing the relationship between poetry and history. WANG Guo-wei, however, depends on Schopenhauer＇s mentalist philosophy, which refers to the relationship between poetry and metaphysics. The two interpretation strategies reveal the difference between the eastern and western world views.