拟鹅观草属与鹅观草属和披碱草属属间及种间杂种的细胞学研究

Cytogenetic studies of the intergeneric and interspecific hybrids among the Pseudoroegneria,Roegneria and Elymus(Poaceae: Triticeae)

为探讨在二倍体拟鹅观草属物种中St基因组的分化及其系统关系,本试验通过对3个二倍体拟鹅观草的种间杂种及黎巴嫩拟鹅观草和托瑞拟鹅观草与4个四倍体鹅观草属物种(StY)和3个披碱草属(StH,StYW)物种的属间杂种F1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I染色体配对行为及繁育特性进行分析。结果表明,1)中东的拟鹅观草二倍体物种(黎巴嫩拟鹅观草和托瑞拟鹅观草)中St染色体组与来自北美的物种(穗状拟鹅观草)可能存在差异;2)St染色体组在鹅观草属物种中(StY)和在披碱草属物种中(StH,StYW)均存在一定程度的变异,具有一定程度的分化;3)St染色体组与Y染色体组具有一定程度的同源性,亲缘关系较近,而与H染色体组的关系较远。

The differentiation and phylogeny of the St genome was investigated in the interspecific hybrids of three diploid species of Pseudoroegneria. Intergeneric hybridizations of P. libanotica and P. tauri were carried out with 4 tetraploid species of Roegneria （STY） and with 3 species of Elymus （StH, StYW）. The fertility and chromosome pairing behavior in meiosis of the parents and their hybrids F1 were investigated. 1） The St genome in P. libanotica and P. tauri （from Iran） may differt from that of P. spicata in North America; 2） Differentiation of the St genome was found in allopolyploid species with the StY, StH, and StYW genome combinations; 3） The Y genome is distinct from the H genome but is closely related to the St genome, with which some homology has been observed.