近视眼底改变与功能相关性的研究及其法医学意义

The Relationship between Fundus Changes and Visual Function of Myopic Eyes and Its Forensic Significance

目的研究近视眼底改变与视觉功能的关系;研究近视者轻度眼部钝挫伤后眼底改变与视觉功能的关系。对象与方法选取不同程度的近视志愿者104人/170眼及眼部轻度钝挫伤的近视者56人/112眼分别作为实验组和眼外伤组,按眼底变化分为0至4级,并测定弧盘比值,分别检测其屈光度、矫正视力及静态视野。结果在实验组和眼外伤组中,眼底改变、包括弧盘比值均与近视屈光程度、矫正视力、静态视野平均缺失敏感度相关。结论运用眼底分级可以估计受检眼的视觉功能,弧盘比值可以作为有效的补充手段;轻度眼部钝挫伤的近视者若仅见视觉功能降低,而未检见明显的眼球结构损伤性改变,则不能简单地按照伤后检见的视觉功能水平作为法医学鉴定的依据。

Objective To study the relationship between fundus changes and visual function of myopie eyes; and to study the relationship between fundus ehanges and visual funetion of myopic eyes after slight oeular blunt trauma. Methods 170 eyes from 104 volunteers with different myopic severity and 112 eyes from 56 eases with slight ocular trauma were selected as the test group and the ocular trauma group, respectively. Each eye was sealed into grade 0 to grade 4 aeeording to its fundus changes, and then the diameter ratio of myopic comus and optic disc, error of refraction, visual acuity and visual field were tested. Results In the test group and ocular trauma group, fundus grade and diameter ratio are related with diopter after rectification, rectified visual acuity and mean damage of static visual field. Conclusion Visual function of tested eyes can be estimated by fundus grade of eyes, and the diameter ratio of myopic comus and optic disc is an effective supplementary method. If visual function declines, but no obvious changes of eyeball structure are found, the tested visual function can＇t be used as the identification basis in the myopic after slight blunt trauma.