新疆哈萨克族与柯尔克孜族居民参加少数民族传统体育活动现状比较分析

A Comparative Analysis of the Status of the Participation of Xinjiang Kazak and Kirgiz in Traditional Ethnic Minority Sports

通过问卷调查法、访谈调查法对新疆哈萨克族(简称"哈族")和柯尔克孜族(简称"柯族")城乡居民参加少数民族传统体育活动现状进行调查分析。结果表明:新疆哈族和柯族居民参加少数民族传统体育活动现状大同小异。两民族每年参加1-3次少数民族传统体育活动的居民居多,活动以赛马、叼羊等马上项目为主,民族式摔跤也是两民族喜爱的活动项目。活动多为民间自发组织,时机主要是本民族节俗日、亲戚朋友喜庆日和政府组织活动时,商业化程度很低。缺乏运动场地是影响和制约居民参加少数民族传统体育活动的主要原因。由于居民生活观念、生活环境、经济条件的改变,再加上现代休闲娱乐方式和现代竞技体育活动的开展普及,对少数民族传统体育活动的传承和发展造成很大的影响和冲击。

We have investigated and analyzed the status of the participation of Kazak and Kirgiz people in Xinjiang urban and rural areas in the traditional ethnic minority sports through questionnaire and interview, The results showed that： the status of their participation was similar. Most people participate in traditional ethnic minority sports one to three times a year. The activities are mainly horse racing and chasing sheep on horse and the national wrestling was also their favorite sport. These activities were not business oriented but organized by the residents themselves on their own festive days. The lack of sports sites was the main course to affect and restrict the residents to participate in the sports. The change of concept, living environment, and economic conditions, combined with modern ways of leisure and entertainment and the popularity of modern sports have influenced the passing down and the development of traditional ethnic minority sports greatly.