植物光合作用多样性的研究进展

Research Progress on the Diversity of the Plant Photosynthesis

生物多样性是指地球上的生物所有形式、层次和联合体中生命的多样化,简单地说,生物多样性是生物及其与环境形成的生态复合体以及与此相关的各种生态过程的总和。生物多样性包括三个层次:基因多样性、物种多样性和生态系统多样性。自然界中植物的光合作用也存在着多样性。最初人们根据光合作用中的碳同化途径的不同,可把植物分为三碳植物(C3植物)、四碳植物(C4植物)和景天科酸代谢植物(CAM植物)。随着研究的进行又发现了兼有以上光合碳同化途径类型的植物,从而更全面地说明了植物光合作用的多样性,也为植物光合作用基因工程的研究提供了事实依据。

Biological diversity means the diversification of all of the biological forms, levels and combo on the planet. Briefly speaking,biological diversity is the summation of the life-form and the ecological combo formed by its environment and the all-relevant various ecological processes. Biological diversity includes three levels： genic diversity,species diversity and the diversity of ecological systems. In Nature,diversity also exists in the photosynthesis of the plants. Initially, according to the differences between the carbon assimilation of the photosynthesis,the plants are classified as C3 plants,C4 plants and Crassulaceae Acid Metabolized （CAM）plants. As the research proceeds, there appeared plants that posess the double characteristics of the two types in the above,thus explaining the diversity of the plant photosynthesis,and offering some important facts for the genic engineering research..