广州市代表性家庭的居民生活污水排放特征

The discharge features of domestic sewage in Guangzhou

针对目前城市生活污水排放量大、但居民排放底数不清的问题，选择广州市代表性家庭开展居民生活污水的定期调查，采用全天候全面收集、观测方法，定量分析广州城市居民的生活污水排放系数及特征。结果表明：城市居民人均日用水123．10L，排出污水112．43L。在居民日常生活排污中，洗衣水是最大的废水来源之一，而洗头水占比重最小。季节变化对居民用水量有一定影响，秋冬季节的日均用水及排水量要大于春夏季；家庭不同人群组成也对排水量有一定的影响，成年女性的生活污水排水量要高于成年男性和未成年人。

Owing to the present urban domestic sewage overloading and the base resident statistics are unclear exactly, several typical families in Guangzhou were selected to this periodical domestic sewage investigation by using comprehensive methods. The pollutant discharge coefficient and features were analyzed quantitatively. The results showed that the average daily usage of water for each resident amounted to 123.10 L, and the amount of wastewater discharge per each resident every day was 112.43 L, among which laundry water occupied the largest proportions while Shampoo water accounted for the least proportions. Besides, water consumption for residents tended to vary with seasons. The amount of daily water usage and water discharge was much higher in winter and autumn as compared to spring and summer; finally, the tonnage was also affected by the composition of different crowds, and men usually consumed more water than women and teenagers.