中国软实力的兴起及其对美国的影响

The Rise of China's Soft Power and It's Implications for the United States

软实力有三个来源:文化、政治价值观和对外政策。从这三个方面分析,中国的软实力相对美国来说正在不断增长。美国的软实力很大程度上来自其公民社会,而中国软实力的推展却高度依赖政府,并且以凝聚国内人心、形成与加强主流价值观为首要目的。中国软实力的拓展是其硬实力增长的必然结果。中美两国的意识形态和政治制度不同,软实力有相互排斥的一面,但两国软实力的互动远非一场零和游戏。两国可以通过增强双方在彼此心中的吸引力降低发生对抗的几率。在应对诸多全球挑战时,中美的软实力也可以相辅相成,实现一定程度的共赢。

The soft power of a country rests primarily on three resources:culture,political values and foreign policies. Compared with the U.S.,the soft power of China has been increasing. Unlike America's soft power,which is largely generated by its civil society,China's soft power depends heavily on its government work. It is primarily aimed at strengthening the unity of the Chinese people,and casting and consolidating the mainstream values. The boost of China's soft power is an inevitable consequence of its rising hard power. Due to different ideologies and political institutions,the soft powers of China and the U.S. are contradicting with each other in some aspects. However,the interaction between them is by no means a zero-sum game. If China and the U. S. both become more attractive in each others' eyes,the prospects of conflict will be reduced. In tackling a number of global challenges,their soft powers can be complementary to each other and bring about a win-win situation.