东亚一体化与美国的战略应对

East Asian Integration and the Strategic Countermeasure of the U.S.

面对冷战结束后东亚经济一体化所取得的一系列长足发展,为了防止美国被排除在该进程之外,尤其是为了遏止任何潜在的战略竞争对手成为该进程的主导者,以维护美国在东亚巨大的现实利益以及对东亚地区秩序的主导权,美国在三个方面做出了战略部署和政策调整。首先在安全领域,美国通过加强和调整与日、韩等国的同盟关系,巩固既有的以美国为中心的"轴辐安全结构"。其次在经济领域,美国大力推动双边贸易协商,通过与东亚国家签署自由贸易协定,积极参与并试图主导东亚经济整合进程。最后在意识形态领域,美国鼓吹"民主价值观外交",力图以意识形态划线构建符合美国价值理念的"价值观同盟",以影响东亚一体化的价值规范。由此构成了冷战后美国以"霸权护持"为主旨的"三位一体"的东亚战略框架。

Facing the ever growing economic integration in East Asia after the Cold War,the US has been steadily managing its strategic countermeasures in order to protect its massive interests and preponderance in this area,as well to contain the emergence of any potential challengers. First,the US reinforces the 'hub and spokes' regional security structure by enhancing and adjusting bilateral alliances. Second,the US tries to dominate the economic integration process by advocating bilateral trade negotiations and reaching Free Trade Agreements with East Asian countries. Third,the US plans to build 'value alliance' framework based on American value standard by advocating 'democracy diplomacy' ,so as to influence the value and norms of emerging East Asian community. The three approaches constitute the fundamental structure of the US East Asian strategy for 'hegemony preservation'.