奥运网球中心赛场风荷载和风环境数值模拟分析

Numerical simulation on wind load characteristics and wind environment for Olympic Park Tennis Centre Stadium

奥林匹克公园网球中心10000座中心赛场体型为花瓣型,12个结构单元(花瓣)间有较大开洞。开洞体型对风荷载非常敏感,迎风看台锥面的导风作用以及大开洞的穿透性,使得网球中心赛场的看台、罩棚的风压分布以及场内风环境明显不同于常规体育场。采用计算流体力学方法对该结构进行了风荷载和风环境的数值模拟分析,计算所得的风压系数与风洞试验吻合较好。同时,比较了封闭式看台和开洞型看台的风场特性,讨论了罩棚仰角对风场的影响,对赛场内的风速比、流场特性等可能影响网球比赛的因素进行了模拟和评价。

Olympic Park Tennis Centre Stadium is composed by 12 flower petal shape units, forms 12 holes between units. The special shape makes the sport arena structure sensitive to wind loads. The wind guidance function of the upwind cone-shape stand and the wind draft of the large holes make wind environment different from other common arenas. Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） method was carried out to simulate wind loads acting on the special shape arena. Comparisons between the results from the present computation and the wind tunnel test were performed, which indicate that the precision of CFD technique is enough to predict the mean wind pressure distribution on this special building. As comparison the wind distribution of a closed shape arena was also considered. Besides, the influence of different roof slopes and wind speed ratios were discussed to appraise the wind performance during tennis competition.