煤岩油气(矿)藏品质与油基质开发、加工参数分析

QUALITY CLASSIFICATION OF COAL OIL-GAS RESERVOIRS AND ANALYSIS ON OIL MATRIX PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING PARAMETERS

化石能源物理模型和煤岩油气(矿)藏的提出,为化石能源——石油和煤炭两大工业系统的资源开发与加工建立起相关的统一评价参数奠定了理论基础,也填补了H/C原子比为0.90～1.35的化石能源资源在自然界中存在方式和储集场所等方面的认识空白。笔者从煤岩热成烃、与挥发分等参数的对应关系、煤岩组分构成特征、煤岩形成的地质环境和不同组分加工工艺评价参数等方面的分析入手,确定了煤岩油气(矿)藏的品质评价参数和划分方案,提出了我国不同品质煤岩油气(矿)藏的开发与加工技术思路。它区别于煤全岩直接加氢液化工艺,而是通过煤岩油气(矿)藏中油基质的开发,即富集和均质化类似于石油体系中的稠油-特超稠油组分,直接进入现有石油工业稠油加工体系,降低转化为石油制品的技术门槛,提高加工工艺的可控性,实现煤炭工业丰富的油基质资源和石油加工两大工业体系的对接,达到资源优势与加工优势互补的目的。并指出,中、西部地区可造就成为我国未来石油制成品的重要基地。

Recognition of ＂Coal oil-gas reservoir＂ and establishment of physical structure model of fossil energy put a theoretical foundation for proposing identical evaluation parameters of geological resources, production and processing of fossil energy for both coal and oil-gas industries, and also fill in the gaps in existence style and reserving location of the fossil energy resources with H/C atom rates varying between 0.90 and 1.35 on our earth. Relying on analyses in thermal hydrocarbon generation, its relations to volatile matter of coal, geological coal-forming circumstance and coal composition, processing parameters of different composition of coal as well, quality classification and the corresponding evaluation parameters of coal oil-gas reservoirs were offered by authors. Meanwhile, production and processing strategies in technology for different quality of coal oil-gas reservoir were also proposed. Different from the directly hydro-treating coal liquefaction, the proposed technology is that oil matrix recovered from coal oil-gas reservoirs, like extra-heavy oil in composition, can be simply processed in the existed heavy oil processing system of modern oil-gas industry. So, the thresholds in conversion into oil products are lowered a lot, and controllability during the processing is enhanced. It can be achieved that large quantities of oil matrix from abundant coal resources are combined with mature oil-processing systems of petroleum industry, to benefit each other in both geological resources and processing abilities. It is also believed that an important oil product base will be established in the middle and west parts of China in the near future.