合肥市329名打工妹抑郁症状及其与社会资本和社会网络的关系

Relationship between depressive symptoms and social capital,social networks among female migrant adolescents in Hefei

目的初步了解打工妹抑郁症状现况,探讨抑郁症状与社会资本、社会网络的关系。方法在横断面研究中,用方便取样方法在合肥市1家工厂和6家饭店招募329名16～28岁未婚打工妹,累计打工时间为1月～10年。采用流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)对其抑郁症状进行评定,抑郁评分≥20分界定为有抑郁心理症状;采用自编问卷评估社会资本和社会网络:社会资本共6个维度,包括工作场所特征、居住环境排外性等;社会网络包括网络大小和网络密度,其取值范围分别为1～15,0～1。结果本样本抑郁症状检出率为52.9%,多元Logistic回归分析显示饭店服务员发生抑郁症状的危险性是工厂工人的0.554倍;年龄为21～28岁的打工妹发生抑郁症状的危险性是20岁以下者的0.506倍;社会支持评分和居住环境诚信评分的增加,可降低抑郁症状的危险性(OR=0.964、OR=0.758)。结论本研究初步提示打工妹抑郁症状相当常见,增加社会心理支持,提高居住环境诚信,有可能降低该人群抑郁心理症状。

Objective Learn about prevalence of ship of depressive symptoms with social capital and Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted depressive symptoms and to determine the relation- social networks among migrant female adolescents. among 329 single females selected by convenience sampling who were aged from 16 to 28 years old, having worked for from one month to ten years. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale （CES-D） was used to evaluate the status of depressive symptoms that were sentenced by total score ≥20. Self-compiled items were applied to assess social capital with six aspects involving organizational characteristics, exclusion, etc. and social networks included size and density with score ranging from 1 to 15 and from 0 to 1 respectively. Results The prevalence of depressive symptom was 52. 9% in participants. Working in restaurants （ OR = 0. 554）, being younger （ OR =0. 506）, high scores of solidarity, trust and cooperation of neighborhood （ OR = 0. 964, 0. 758） were associated with low risk of depressive symptoms. Conclusions Female migrant adolescents from rural to urban should be paid more attention to in depression prevention, hnproving solidarity, trust and cooperation in neighborhood in city could probably decrease risk of their depressive symptoms.