杨浦区流动儿童免疫预防现况调查

The Investigation of the Current Situation of Immunization of Floating Children in Yangpu District

目的了解杨浦区流动儿童的免疫现状,探讨相应的管理对策。方法对流动儿童接种率开展本底和调查点挨家挨户摸漏调查。结果流动儿童与本市儿童之比为1∶2.2,流动儿童免疫预防工作量已占社区卫生服务中心总体免疫预防工作量的53.80%;本底调查10235名流动儿童,其中1岁以上流动儿童8499名,百白破、麻疹疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、卡介苗和乙肝疫苗(简称"五苗")基础免疫全程完成率均>98.00%,合格接种率≥96.39%,"五苗"覆盖率96.27%。摸漏调查884名1～6岁流动儿童建卡率达到99.55%,"五苗"基础免疫完成率≥96.39%。流动儿童凭证入学率达到73.30%。结论近年来杨浦区流动儿童免疫预防管理工作已形成制度化、规范化管理,但还存在一些问题,必须进一步加强对流动人口的管理,建立免疫预防工作信息化系统,开展宣传教育、查漏补种和门诊规范化建设。

OBJECTIVE To understand the immunization status of floating children in Yangpu District and search for corresponding management strategies. METHODS To find out the inoculation rates of floating children and the missing inoculation, the base-line and leak-checking investigations home by home in selected points were carried. RESULTS The floating children were 2.2 times as large as resident children. The work quantities of immunization prevention of floating children had accounted for 53.80% of the total tasks in communities.10 235 floating children were investigated and among them, 8 499 ones were over 1-year old. The all-course routine immunization of five vaccine rate was higher than 98.00%, the eligible immunization rate was higher than 96.39% and the immunization coverage of five vaccine rate was 96.27%.The leak-checking survey indicated, among 884 floating children aged 1-6 years, 99.55% cases had established immunization cards and over than 96.39% had completed routine immunization of five vaccines. The certificated- enrollment rate was up to 73.30%. CONCLUSIONS Recently the management of the immunization of floating children in Yangpu District had become institutionalized and standardized despite there were still some questions. The following measurements were proposed： to further reinforce the administration of floating population, establish the immune prevention information system, develop the propaganda and health education of immunization, find out the missing inoculations and get vaccinated, standardize the construction of out-patient departments.