教育中“主体与客体之说”的重新审视

Reconsideration on the Theory of Subject & Object in Education

20世纪80年代初,我国学者提出了教育活动与过程中的"主体与客体之说",即在教育教学中,教师和学生谁是"主体"谁是"客体"的理论。这一理论被广泛地接受并且发展成了我国教育的基础理论。该理论把教师和学生二者对立起来,从二者中选择谁是"主体",谁是"客体",是对教育本质的曲解,是一大悖论。也正是这一"悖论"使我国当前教育出现了许多困惑和误区。只有彻底摒弃"教育中的主体和客体之说",树立教师"服务者",学生"学习者"的师生角色观,才能彻底挣脱这一"悖论"的影响和束缚,从而实现真正意义上的"以人为本"的教育。

In the beginning of 1980s,the Theory of Subject ＆ Object in education was put forward in our country,i, e. the theory about the roles of subject and object in the activity and process of education between teachers and students. According to this widely accepted theory, teachers and students are two opposite sides. The paper believes that it is a misunderstanding of the essence of education by separating them into subject and object. It is the misunderstanding that causes lots of confusion and errors in education. It＇s believed that only when the theory of subject and object is deleted can we set up the right roles of a teacher as a service provider and student,a learner, so as to realize the people-oriented style of education.