转喻的非指称功能

The Non-referential Functions of Metonymy

认知语言学家普遍认为,转喻和隐喻均体现了人类的普遍认知机制。转喻在一定程度上比隐喻更能影响我们的思维和行为。随着转喻研究的深入,语言学家们发现转喻的言语功能不只局限于指称。以Panther和Thornburg对转喻的分类为出发点,并以他们的事态场景理论为分析工具,对转喻的述谓功能和施为功能进行了详细研究。目的在于证明转喻不仅是重要的认知手段,也是一种经济有效的交际策略,了解转喻的非指称功能有助于语言学习者增强语用灵活性。

Nowadays, metonymy and metaphor are both regarded as universal ways of human thinking. Metonymy, to some extent, exerts more influences upon our thinking and behaviors. It is found that metonymy is not merely used for reference. With the metonymy classification made by Panther and Thomburg as a starting point and their State-of-Affairs Scenario as an analytical instrument, the predicative function and illoeutionary function of metonymy are explored. The aim is to stress that metonymy is not only a cognitive means but also an effective communicative strategy and that learning the non-referential functions of metonymy will help language learners improve pragmatic flexibility.